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- PRIFYSGOL CYMRU : UNIVERSITY OF WALES
- ABERYSTWYTH
-
- EXAMINATIONS 1994
-
- SEMESTER 2
-
- AC10210: INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE
-
-
- Time: TWO Hours
-
- This paper consists of THREE sections
-
- Answer ONE question from each section.
-
- ALL questions carry equal marks.
-
- Explain any assumptions you need to make
-
- You will be provided with:
-
- i) Graph paper
-
- ii) Mathematical, Statistical and Financial Tables for the Social
- Sciences by Kmietowicz and Yannoulis
-
- SECTION A
-
- 1. Frodo Ltd which manufactures curtains purchases all its raw
- materials from a single supplier and uses two metres of the cloth
- for each pair of curtains. Variable costs at output below 5,000
- pairs per year are #42 per pair, of which #20 is the cost of the
- cloth. However, the supplier offers a discount of 10% on all
- purchases if Frodo buys at least 10,000 metres of cloth and a
- further discount of #1.00 per metre on any additional purchases
- above 16,000 metres per year. The selling price of the curtains
- is #60 per pair and the fixed costs are #120,000 per annum.
-
-
-
- REQUIRED:
-
- (a) Calculate the contribution per unit at output levels
-
- (i) less than 5000 units
- (ii) 5,000 - 8,000 units
- (iii) more than 8,000 units
- (6 marks)
-
- (b) Prepare a break even or profit volume chart for Frodo and indicate
- any break even points.
- (9 marks)
-
- (c) Using your chart or otherwise, investigate the effect of raising
- the selling price to #65.00.
- (5 marks)
-
-
- 2. Gandalf plc produces one product: the "balrog". The standard
- costs for the product for a recent period were as follows:
-
- #
- Direct labour (2.5 hours at #5.00 per hour) 12.50 per unit
- Direct material (5.25kg at #6.50 per kg) 34.125 per unit
- Variable overhead 4.00 per unit
- Fixed overhead 30,000
-
- The standard selling price of a balrog for the period was #80 and the
- budgeted level of production was 4,000 units.
-
- The actual results for the period have just become available and are
- as follows:
-
- # #
- Sales (4,500 units) 337,500
- Direct labour (12,500 hours) 65,625
- Direct material (22,500kg) 135,000
- Variable overhead 16,550
- Fixed overhead32,500 249,675
- -------
- 87,825
- -------
- REQUIRED:
-
- (a) Prepare a statement reconciling the budgeted profit with the
- actual profit, stating the variances in the way you think will be
- most helpful to management. (12 marks)
-
- (b) Write a report for the management drawing their attention to any
- important features of the statement and recommending action where
- appropriate. (8 marks)
-
-
- SECTION B
-
- 3. You have recently been appointed to the position of finance
- director of an international company, Williams Chocolate Biscuits
- plc. One of your first tasks is to advise your boardroom
- colleagues on which, if any, of three mutually exclusive
- investment projects to implement.
-
- The three projects have the following projected cash flows:
-
- Project A: a cash outlay of #10,000 at t0 and net cash inflows of
- #6,000, #5,000 and #3,000 at t , t and t
- 1 2 3
- respectively.
-
-
- Project B: a cash outlay at t0 of #32,000 and annual net cash
- inflows starting at t1 of #5,500 in perpetuity.
-
-
- Project C: a cash outlay of #35,250 at t0 and net cash inflows of
- #18,000 #15,000 and #15,000 at t1, t2 and t3
- respectively.
-
- The appropriate cost of capital for all three projects is 16%.
-
- REQUIRED:
-
- (a) For each project calculate its net present value and internal rate
- of return. Which project should the company invest in and why?
- (10 marks)
-
- (b) Using project C's anticipated cash flows, illustrate the economic
- interpretation of its net present value and internal rate of
- return. (6 marks)
-
- (c) In addition to your answer to part (a) above, what other factors
- should the company's directors consider before deciding which of
- the projects to invest in. (4 marks)
-
-
- 4. Cymysg plc is a quoted company which is attempting to estimate its
- cost of capital. The company has supplied you with the following
- information:
-
- The company has an issued share capital of 500,000 ordinary #1
- (nominal value) shares, with a current market value, cum div, of
- 117p per share. The company also has #200,000 (nominal value) of
- 10% debentures which are redeemable at par in two years time and
- have a current market value, ex int, of #95.30 per unit of #100
- and 100,000 #1 (nominal value) 6% preference shares, with a
- current market value, ex div, of 40p per share.
-
- The total dividend payable to holders of the ordinary share will
- be #60,000 this year, the share price will be quoted ex div from
- tomorrow. The directors anticipate that the dividend will increase
- by 5% per annum for the foreseeable future. The preference
- dividend and the debenture interest will be paid shortly
-
- Assume that the company pays corporation tax at the rate of 35%
-
- Required:
-
- (a) Calculate the company's cost of equity, preference and debenture
- capital. (10 marks)
- (b) Calculate the company's weighted average cost of capital.
- (5 marks)
-
- (c) What effect would an increase in the corporation tax rate have on
- the company's weighted average cost of capital. (5 marks)
-
-
- SECTION C
-
-
- 5. Explain carefully, giving examples, how the notion of 'relevant
- costs' assists decision makers in choosing between alternative
- courses of action. (20 marks)
-
-
- 6. Answer TWO of the following, each section carries equal marks
-
- (i) What advantages do the discounted cash flow (DCF) methods of
- investment appraisal have over the "traditional" methods?
- (10 marks)
-
-
- (ii) What conclusions do the "traditional view" and the "Modigliani
- and Miller view" (MM) draw with respect to the capital structure
- debate? (10 marks)
-
- (iii) What conclusions can be drawn from the "Fisher-Hirshliefer Two
- Period Investment Consumption Model"? (10 marks)
-
-